Rotterdam

Made for cruise passengers: a boat transfer skips the long cable car queue in Fira, then a guided tour takes in Oia and the island's best caldera views.

Sail from Fira Old Port, where cruise tenders land, to hike the volcanic crater of Nea Kameni and swim in the warm sulfur springs before heading back.

A small-group visit to three Santorini wine estates to taste 12 wines made from the island's volcanic vineyards, paired with local bites. Book the daytime tour on a port day.

Picked up at the port for a small-group loop of the island: the windmills, Little Venice, the village of Ano Mera and a beach stop, with a guaranteed return to the ship.

A sailing trip to the sacred island of Delos, birthplace of Apollo, then on to the quiet beaches of Rhenia for swimming and lunch.

Cook a Greek meal with a local, from dips and pies to a main course, using island ingredients, then enjoy it together with a glass of wine.

Skip the lines at ancient Ephesus and walk its marble streets to the Library of Celsus and the Great Theatre with a guide, timed around your ship's schedule.

Relax the traditional Turkish way with a steam, body scrub, foam wash and massage at a local hamam in Kusadasi, an easy 90-minute break close to the port.

Spend the day on the water along the coast of Dilek National Park, with swim stops in quiet bays and lunch served on board.

Head down the coast to hilltop Taormina for its ancient Greek theatre and Corso Umberto, then up to the village of Castelmola for sweeping views of Mount Etna.

Ride a 4x4 up Europe's most active volcano to walk among craters and old lava flows, then taste Etna wines over lunch high on the mountain.

Eat your way around Messina with a local guide: arancini, focaccia messinese, granita and other Sicilian street food classics, adding up to a full meal.

A full day along one of the world's most famous coastlines, with time in clifftop Positano, Amalfi and Sorrento and photo stops at the best viewpoints on the coast road.

Walk the streets, villas and forum of the Roman city buried by Vesuvius with an expert guide who brings everyday life in 79 AD to life. A great half-day option.

Learn to make real Neapolitan pizza, and gelato for dessert, in the city where pizza was born, then sit down to eat what you made. Two hours, so it fits any port day.